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ISTAR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Target acquisition and Reconnaissance) A Strategies-to-Tasks Framework for Planning and Executing Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) Operations This technical report (TR-434-AF) was produced by The RAND Corporation in 2007 and was written by Carl Rhodes, Jeff Hagen and Mark Westergren. To assist in moving intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) planning and execution forward from a fixed target and deliberate planning focus to one centered on emerging targets, the authors propose enhancing the collection management process with a strategies-to-tasks and utility framework. By linking collection targets to operational tasks, objectives, and top-level commander’s guidance with relative utilities, planning for the daily intelligence collections and real-time retasking for ad hoc ISR targets could be enhanced. When current tools are modified to provide this information, planners will be able to link collection targets to top-level objectives for better decisionmaking and optimization of low-density, high-demand collection assets, and intelligence officers will be better able to deal with time-sensitive, emerging targets by rapidly comparing the value of collecting an ad hoc collection with the value of collecting opportunities already planned. [Taken from abstract]. This is a PDF file, so Adobe Acrobat software is required in order to read it. Advanced Architectures for Aerospace Mission Systems This is Research and Technology Organization(RTO) AGARD Conference Proceedings, AGARD-CP-581, dated July 1997. This proceedings was sponsored by the Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. This volume contains the Technical Evaluation Report and the 30 unclassified papers, presented at the Mission Systems Panel Symposium held in Istanbul, Turkey, 14-17 October 1996. The papers presented covered the following headings: Invited Papers; Military Applications of Civil Systems; Communications (Systems); Communications (Technology); Surveillance (Reconnaissance); Surveillance (Meteorology); Surveillance (Early Warning); Information Extraction; Vehicle Management; Future Systems and Panel Discussion. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text of the document (24 Mb) can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Advances in Soft-Computing Technologies and Application in Mission Systems This is Research and Technology Organization(RTO) AGARD Lecture Series, AGARD-LS-210, dated September 1997. It was sponsored by the Mission Systems Panel of NATO's Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD). This Lecture Series addresses 'Soft Computing' technologies, the pervasive imprecision of the real world by consideration of the tolerances for imprecision, uncertainty and partial truth to achieve tractable, robust and low-cost solutions for complex problems. Topics covered include soft computing for computation and machine intelligence, neural networks, fuzzy logic, inference and fuzzy control, hybrid architectures for intelligent and learning inference systems, and applications to target tracking and acquisition and the reconfiguration of damaged aircraft. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text of the document (53Mb) can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Aerospace 2020 - Vol 1 This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD Advisory Report, AGARD-AR-360-01, dated April 1997. Volume 1, the summary volume, of the report of the NATO Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD) study: 'Aerospace 2020'. This study explores the most advanced technologies, relevant to aerospace, being researched and developed in laboratories today. The study focuses on the most promising current technologies and the organizational and tactical consequences they will have at the field and system levels, over the course of the next 25 years. Topics include: a discussion of the impact of proliferation, human-machine interaction, synthetic environments, directed-energy weapons, information technologies, unmanned tactical aircraft, suborbital launchers, hypersonic missiles, and a discussion of affordability issues. Technologies are assessed from the viewpoints of both potential capabilities and threats. Observations and recommendations are presented. Bibliographic details and an abstract are available in HTML format and the full text (3 Mb)is available in PDF format from the RTO's web site. Agressive ISR in the War on Terrorism: Breaking the Cold War Paradigm This is the full text of a paper by William B. Danskine which was presented to the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) in 2004. Following the attacks of 11 September 2001, the United States (US) found itself in a new type of war, one for which existing military doctrine was ill suited. The US now faces a dispersed, loosely organized, non-state threat. This paper addresses the problem of how to employ existing military tools to counter global terrorist groups. This paper presents a Terrorist Group Model of a notional group, then proposes a counterterrorism strategy to deny terrorist groups sanctuary, one of the key requirements for these non-state threats. This paper then presents several ways in which this objective may be achieved using existing military assets in a new way. The final proposals build upon a 2003 RAND study entitled “Military Operations Against Terrorist Groups Abroad: Implications for the United States Air Force,” authored by David Ochmanek. To achieve success against this non-state foe, the US must deny sanctuary to terrorist groups who seek safe haven in states unable to control their own territory. The existing mechanism for supporting weak states is through the Foreign Internal Defense (FID) programs, run by US State Department Chiefs of Mission (US ambassadors) and supported by the military combatant commander of that region. One purpose of this study is to alert State Department officials to the benefits to be gained using one of the military combatant commander’s intelligence collection tools to support an effort. The proposed counterterrorism strategy is to disrupt global terrorist groups by denying them sanctuary in weak or failing states. The objective is to make weak states unattractive to terrorist groups seeking safe haven by strengthening the states ‘own ability to detect and counter terrorist groups within their borders. Employing airborne intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) systems is a means to this end. Airborne ISR missions greatly increase the reach of US intelligence collection and provide intelligence that may be shared with the host nation. Unlike space-based ISR, airborne ISR is visible every time it operates; employing it demonstrates American commitment to a counterterrorism campaign, both to the host nation, its population, and the terrorist groups. Airborne ISR collection and analysis is a relatively inexpensive means to show this support, and may therefore be attractive to third parties (such as NATO or the EU). These ISR missions deny sanctuary to terrorist groups and disrupt their operations by forcing them into less efficient means of training and communicating. The presence of such “overt” intelligence missions also provides plausible cover stories for the sharing of other intelligence from more sensitive sources. Unfortunately, this is not where the US military currently focuses; the US Air Force emphasizes the integration of sensors to produce rapid intelligence for force projection. Too much attention is placed upon network centric warfare, not enough on traditional strategic reconnaissance. This focus, while perhaps appropriate for the majority of military operations, still leaves some critical gaps. This paper includes recommendations to the regional combatant commander and the US Air Force (as the predominant provider of airborne ISR systems) to further enable the proposed counterterrorism strategy. These recommendations revolve around improving the collection, processing and analysis, and sharing of intelligence on terrorist groups so that State Department officials may call upon airborne ISR systems to better fulfill their FID missions. [Taken from abstract]. The full text of the paper is available in PDF format and is provided by the Air University ResearchWeb site. Analogue Signal Conditioning for Flight Test Instrumentation This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD-AG-160-17, dated April 1986. This Flight-Test Instrumentation AGARDograph in the 160 Series addresses the application of analog signal conditioning to flight-test data-acquisition systems. Emphasis is placed on practical applications of signal conditioning for the most common flight-test data-acquisition systems. A limited amount of theoretical discussion is included to assist the reader in a more complete understanding of the subject matter. Nonspecific signal conditioning, such as amplifications, filtering, and multiplexing, is discussed. Signal conditioning for various specific transducers and data terminal devices is also discussed to illustrate signal conditioning that is unique to particular types of transducers. The purpose of this document is to delineate for the flight-test instrumentation engineer the various signal-conditioning technique options, together with tradeoff considerations, for commonly encountered flight-test situations. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text (237KB) of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Artificial intelligence This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD-CP-94, dated September 1971. The conference papers on artificial intelligence with emphasis on pattern recognition is reported. Other areas covered were robotry and robot vision, question-answering, natural language and speech recognition and man-machine interactive problem solving. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text (41.62MB) of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. C4ISR Journal This is the web site of C4ISR (command, control communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance) Journal published by the Defense News Media Group. The site provides C4ISR news stories, selected articles from the current issue of the journal and subscription information. Communications Networks to Support Integrated Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Strike Operations This technical report (TR-159-AF) was published by The RAND Corporation in 2004 and was written by Elham Ghashghai. Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) platforms and strike platforms operating at medium and low altitudes pose special communications challenges. This analysis finds there is no one solution for all situations and platforms. A combination of options, which will vary depending on altitude, range, data rate, and threat, will be needed to ensure a robust communications link. Although communications does not appear to be a limiting factor for future ISR forces, programmatic action will be required to develop the necessary systems and the costs could be high. [Taken from abstract]. This is a PDF file, so Adobe Acrobat software will be required in order to read it. Context Mediation Demonstration of Counter-Terrorism Intelligence (CTI) Integration This working paper (ESD-WP-2006-05) was published by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Engineering Division in 2006 and was written by Stuart Madnick, Allen Moulton and Michael Siegel. Examination of intelligence failures prior to the 9/11/01 attacks made clear it that lack of effective information exchange among government agencies hindered the capability of identifying potential threats and preventing terrorist actions. A 2002 National Research Council study noted that “Although there are many private and public databases that contain information potentially relevant to counterterrorism programs, they lack the necessary context definitions (i.e., metadata) and access tools to enable interoperation with other databases and the extraction of meaningful and timely information.”[14] This report clearly recognized the importance of problems that the semantic data integration research community has been studying. [Taken from abstract] The full text of this docuemnt is available in PDF fomat so Adobe Acrobat software will be required in order to read it. DARPATech 2004 This site provides the slides and scripts of presentations (PDF format) given at the DARPATech symposium which was held in Anaheim, California on 9-11 March 2004. Topics addressed include hypersonic flight, precision urban combat, tactical surveillance, chemical, biological and radiological defence, optical sensing and exploitation, advanced intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR), integrated microsystems, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and joint unmanned combat air vehicle systems. Guidance and Control for Future Air-Defence Systems This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD AGARD-CP-555 report, dated January 1995. This volume contains the Technical Evaluation Report and the 18 unclassified papers, presented at the Mission Systems Panel Symposium held in Copenhagen, Denmark from 17th to 20th May 1994. The papers presented covered the following headings: (1) Ballistic Missile Defense Architecture and Air Defense Simulation; (2) Advanced Sensors Technology and Techniques; (3) Acquisition, Pointing, Fire Control and System Integration (4) Data Fusion, Tracking and Identification; (5) Threat Detection, Suppression and Situation Assessment; (6) Missile Guidance and Control; and (7) C3I Aspects. For individual titles, see N95-32124 through N95-32141. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text (30.7MB) of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Guidance and control of precision guided weapons This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD-AR-259, dated May 1988. The Guidance and Control Panel's compilation of papers was published as Conference Proceedings CP-435 and CP-435(S). The papers were presented under the following headings: Operational requirements and considerations; Guidance sensors and components; Guidance and control techniques and signal processing; Effectiveness and system evaluation; Systems demonstration. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text (2.61MB) of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance : Overarching Guidance Is Needed to Advance Information Sharing This provides access to a U.S. Government Accountability Office report GAO-10-500T dated March 2010. The Department of Defense (DOD) has numerous intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) systems--including manned and unmanned airborne, space-borne, maritime, and terrestrial systems--that play critical roles in support of current military operations. The demand for these capabilities has increased dramatically. Today's testimony addresses (1) the challenges the military services and defense agencies face processing, exploiting, and disseminating the information collected by ISR systems and (2) the extent to which the military services and defense agencies have developed the capabilities required to share ISR information. This testimony is based on GAO's January 2010 report on DOD's ISR data processing capabilities. GAO reviewed and analyzed documentation, guidance, and strategies of the military services and defense agencies in regard to processing, exploiting, and disseminating ISR data as well as information-sharing capabilities. GAO also visited numerous commands, military units, and locations in Iraq and the United States. [Taken from abstract]. The full text is available in PDF format so Adobe Acrobat software is required in order to read it. Interacting Multiple Model Joint Probabilistic Data Association Avoiding Track Coalescence This technical report (NLR-TP-2002-445) was published by NLR (the National Aerospace Laboratory of the Netherlands) in 2002 and was written by H. A. P. Blom and E. A. Bloem. For the problem of tracking multiple targets the Joint Probabilistic Data Association (JPDA) filter approach has shown to be very effective in handling clutter and missed detections. Recently the problem of track coalescence has been also solved for JPDA. The aim of this paper is to combine this JPDA avoiding track coalescence approach with IMM to track multiple maneuvering targets. The tracking problem is first embedded into one of filtering for a jump linear descriptor system with stochastic coefficients. Next, for this descriptor system, exact filter equations are derived, hypothesis management assumptions are adopted, and IMMJPDA avoiding track coalescence filter equations are developed. Finally, the filter performance is illustrated through Monte Carlo simulations for a simple example. [Taken from abstract]. The full text is available as a PDF file. Machine Intelligence for Aerospace Electronic Systems This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD-CP-499, dated September 1991. The papers presented at the Avionics Panel Symposium are compiled. The results of efforts applying Machine Intelligence (MI) technology to aerospace electronic applications are discussed. The symposium focused on application research and development to determine the types of MI paradigms which are best suited to the wide variety of aerospace electronic applications. For individual titles, see N92-12518 through N92-12544. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text (54.43MB) of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Methodology for Improving the Planning, Execution, and Assessment of Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Operations This provides access to a Rand Organization technical report written by Sherrill Lingel ...[et al] dated 2008. Lingel et al. present alternative methods to (1) approach U.S. Air Force intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) tasking and assessment processes and (2) outline a methodology for assessing the benefits and costs of different ISR employment strategies. The U.S. Air Force greatly increased the number of operational surveillance and reconnaissance sensors and its ability to process data from these sensors in support of operations across a wide range of conflicts. However, along with the increased number of sensors comes an increase in the complexity of the tasking of these assets needed to prosecute either planned for or emergent battlefield targets. This problem has been compounded by an increased use of mobile systems by adversaries. As part of the authors’ research, they developed new assessment techniques and operational strategies to improve the command and control process for assigning ISR assets in dynamic environments. The authors also suggest tools to assist commanders of ISR assets in their decisions regarding allocating and retasking ISR assets. The report focuses on traditional target sets against adversaries whose behavior is well understood. [Taken from abstract]. The full text is available in PDF format so Adobe Acrobat software is required in order to read it. Multi-Robot Systems in Military Domains This is a Research and Technology Organization (RTO) Technical Report RTO-TR-IST-032, dated December 2008. IST-032/RTG-014 aim was to consider the potential of modern multi-robot systems for the use in military domains. There has been substantial interest in the use of MRS for a variety of military purposes. A better understanding of human computer and/or robot interaction requirements and development of techniques for evaluating the effectiveness of MRS to meet military purposes will provide military users with a basis for determining their requirements for this technology. The group identified possible application areas for Human-Multi-Robot Systems in military domains: • Reconnaissance, surveillance and target acquisition(RSTA) • Ordnance disposal, mine clearing operation, de-mining and NBC decontamination • Security, defence and sniper discovery • Tactical considerations like decoy, deception and precision strike • Transport, convoying and rescue • Sensor and communication networks A table of contents, and the full text of the document can be accessed online in HTML format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Multi-Sensor Multi-Target Data Fusion, Tracking and Identification Techniques for Guidance and Control Applications This web site provides access to a NATO Research and Technology Organization (RTO) document, AGARD-AG-337, October 1996; sponsored by the Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development of AGARD. The aim of this AGARDograph is to provide a quick overview of practical advances in Multi-Sensor, Multi-Target Tracking (MS/MTT) technology and applications. In order that this AGARDograph could serve as a useful reference for those involved in the design, development, simulation, and applications of the techniques and technology, we have encouraged our authors to take, as much as possible, a tutorial approach. This will provide the general summary of the MS/MTT techniques and technology with emphasis towards practical implementation. Many examples of sensor fusion involve the methodology of merging various track files taken from different sensors. This allows for more consistent, accurate, and reliable tracks than might be possible with any of the individual systems acting alone. Section 1 relates to the important use of sensor fusion prior to establishing a firm track file. By combining raw sensor information, greater discrimination of targets from background may be possible from the augmented body of available information. Tracking and fusion with multiple sensors deals with integration and correlation of data from diverse sources in order to arrive at the best possible situational assessment. In Section 2, we present the tutorial on representative data association and filtering techniques, and also address some of the key initiation issues, approaches and track management methodology that simplify and enhance the practical implementation. Section 3 presents different types of classification algorithms, Bayesian Belief, Networks, and Neural Networks covering the complete Automatic Target Recognition process, including fusion, segmentation and classification, that are very promising for real-time, or quasi-real-time systems applications. Section IV covers the handling of Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) test data, deals with an effective tool to support the development of precision guided munitions, and presents a study of target acquisition and sensor cueing in air-to-air environment. The last Section presents several practical examples of MS/MTT applications. For individual titles, see N97-16871 through N97-16890. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Radar Polarimetry and Interferometry This is a Research and Technology Organization (RTO) Educational Note, RTO-EN-SET-081, Paris, February 2005. The material in this publication was assembled to support a Lecture Series under the sponsorship of the Sensors and Electronics Technology Panel (SET) presented on 14-15 October 2004 in Brussels, Belgium; 18-19 October 2004 in Washington, DC, USA; and 21-22 October 2004 in Ottawa, Canada. The aim of this Lecture Series was to provide a substantial and balanced introduction to the basic theory, scattering concepts, systems and applications typical to polarimetric and interferometric radar reconnaissance and surveillance and to introduce the cutting-edge technologies, new ideas and methodologies. The topics covered included the following: basics, advanced concepts and applications of both radar polarimetry and SAR interferometry and the combination of both techniques as well with respect to cross track and along track, single and dual pass configurations; the interconnection between interferometry measurement errors and SAR system accuracy with respect to both platform flight path geometry and attitude, and principal radar system accuracies; polarimetric SAR processing and image analysis and the most important decomposition theorems; polarimetric interferometry and differential interferometry and the respective SAR image analysis, processing principles and calibration problems; and applications especially with respect to Digital Elevation Models and target classification; realised and future airborne and spaceborne systems as Examples (E-SAR, SIR-C/X-SAR, SRTM, ERS-1/2, RadarSAT, ENVISAT/ASAR, CARTWHEEL) together with a concluding outlook in the future development airborne and space borne polarimetric SAR with interferometry capability. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, individual papers and the full text of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Sensors and Sensor Denial by Camouflage, Concealment and Deception This site provides access to selected papers from the Research and Technology Organisation (RTO) Meeting Proceedings, RTO-MP-SCI-145. The papers are from the RTO Systems Concepts and Integration (SCI) Symposium, Sensors and Sensor Denial by Camouflage, Concealment and Deception, held in Brussels, Belgium, on 19-20 April 2004. Topics covered by the papers include: automated thermal camouflage pattern generation; low-profile radar retro-reflectors; bistatic radar cross-sections of low-signature targets; infrared signatures; and camouflaging vehicles. Some of the full text pdf papers are password protected, but others are publicly available. The document is contained in the RTO's Publication Library. Space Systems as Contributors to the NATO Defence Mission This is Research and Technology Organization(RTO) AGARD Conference Proceedings, AGARD-CP-580, dated June 1997. This proceedings was sponsored by the Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. This volume contains the Technical Evaluation Report and the 19 unclassified papers, presented at the Mission Systems Panel Symposium. The papers presented cover the following headings: Invited Papers; Military Applications of Civil Systems; Communications (Systems); Communications (Technology); Surveillance (Reconnaissance); Surveillance (Meteorology); Surveillance (Early Warning); Information Extraction; Vehicle Management; Future Systems and Panel Discussion. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text of the document (60 Mb) can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Survey of Hyperspectral and Multispectral Imaging Technologies This is a Research and Technology Organization (RTO)Technical Report RTO-TR-SET-065-P3, dated May 2007. The primary goals for NATO SET-065/RTG-33 were to determine the benefits of multiband/multispectral imaging and to improve and extend the existing infrared target acquisition models to include new targets and/or imaging conditions. All activities performed by the group in this context are summarised in the Final Report. One main activity was a field trial at the Angers Technical Center in France in 2004. The objectives of this field trial were to collect multiband and hyperspectral imagery for investigation of spectral vehicle and human target signature characteristics in the urban environment. The paper Collection of Hyperspectral and Multispectral Image Data in Urban Environment gives a detailed description of this trial and of the data acquired. The paper Survey of Hyperspectral and Multispectral Imaging Technologies reviews today’s technologies that are applied in hyperspectral, multispectral and multiband imaging systems. The TG-33 activities produced results that furthered the understanding of multiband sensor performance and improved performance modelling. A table of contents, and the full text of the document can be accessed online in HTML format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. TacSats for NATO This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD-AR-322, dated February 1994. Tactical satellites (TacSats) are studied to determine their utility in meeting the needs of theater commanders. Six mission areas are studied: battlefield surveillance, communications, tactical missile warning and assessment, regional maritime surveillance, navigation, and weather. The synergistic role between strategic and tactical satellites is also considered. TacSat system concepts are provided in most mission areas as are means of implementing TacSat systems, including the launch and ground system segments. Issues raised in these areas are discussed. Finally, TacSat costs are discussed and the Working Group's conclusions and recommendations are provided. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text (13.26MB) of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. TacSats for Surveillance Verification and C3I This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD-CP-522, dated February 1993. The symposium dealt with small satellites used for tactical applications that might be of value to NATO. The 11 sessions covered TacSat concepts and needs, aspects of TacSat applications, TacSat system applications, communication concepts, launch systems, spacecraft bus, advanced technology, radar concepts, electro-optics concepts, and two panel discussions. The information generated by the symposium will be used by Working Group 16 to report on the utility of such satellites and applications to meet future NATO needs. For individual titles, see N93-29893 through N93-29913. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text (59.03MB) of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Technologies for Precision Air Strike Operations in Rapid-Reaction and Localized-Conflict Scenarios This is Research and Technology Organization(RTO) AGARD Conference Proceedings, AGARD-CP-576, dated June 1996. This proceedings was sponsored by the Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. This volume contains the Technical Evaluation Report and the 16 unclassified papers presented at the Mission Systems Panel Symposium held in Seville, Spain from 16-19 October 1995. Papers were presented covering the following headings: Operational Aspects; Mission Planning/Mission Management; Navigation; Reconnaissance and Target Identification; Targeting and Weapon Delivery Guidance. For individual titles, see N96-35976 through N96-35991. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text of the document (57 Mb) can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. The Big Issue : Command and Combat in the Information Age This is the full text pdf version of the book edited by David Potts, originally published as SCSI (Strategic and Combat Studies Institute) Occasional Paper Number 45 in March 2002, it was reprinted by the Department of Defense Command and Control Research Program in February 2003. The book is part of the Information Age Transformation Series and brings together essays from the British Army's Directorate General Development and Doctrine on the impact technology and the information age will have on the UK armed forces. The first part of the book looks at philosophy and considers the revolution in military affairs and command in the information age. Part two looks at the possibilities and challenges and discusses the commander-centric approach, interoperability and the case for manned reconnaissance. The final and third part considers the prognosis for the future; tactical combat with C4ISTAR, asymmetric warfare, and the possible future face of warfare. The Flight of Flexible Aircraft in Turbulence: State-of-the-Art in the Description and Modelling of Atmospheric Turbulence This is Research and Technology Organization (RTO) AGARD-R-734, dated December 1987. The flight of flexible aircraft in turbulence was studied. Presentations given at the first of two workshops on the subject are provided. Topics covered here are: (1) Measurements of turbulence by specially equipped aircraft, and (2) Data collection and reduction of incremental accelerations observed in commercial flights. For individual titles, see N88-29726 through N88-29734. Bibliographic and abstract details are available in HTML format. A table of contents, and the full text (36.03MB) of the document can be accessed online in PDF format. The document is contained in the RTO's Full Text Publication Library. Verification Technologies : Cooperative Aerial Surveillance in International Agreements This web site provides access to a report produced by the U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, OTA-ISC-480, July 1991. This report presents the findings of a study conducted by the OTA on the potential and limitations of cooperative aerial surveillance as a means of supporting and verifying compliance with a range of international agreements. It examines the types of aircraft and sensors required. It also contains a quantitative analysis of one possible application of cooperative overflights: the monitoring of possible arms control violations. The report is made available as part of the OTA Online Archive, hosted by Princeton University. The full text is accessible online in PDF format (5649K). Alternatively, the front matter, table of contents, individual chapters, and appendices are available as separate PDF files. |
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